Jena is a true student city. Currently approx. 19,000 students are studying at the "Friedrich Schiller University", which is full of tradition. Among them are about 2,200 international students from all over the world. A broad spectrum of study courses, excellent research and teaching and a large network from students and lecturers lure even more people to study in Jena. The students shape the townscape in particular. Because the "Friedrich Schiller University" is a city university, whose institutes and mechanisms are distributed over the entire city. Everything can be attained comfortably by foot within a short time. The city seems to be a large campus and one always meets fellow students, lecturers or friends. That does not only constitute the special atmosphere of the student city, but it makes Jena also an ideal place for studying, researching and living.
Within only a few years of the political revolution in East Germany the small Thuringian university city of Jena has blossomed into an internationally significant centre of learning. An atmosphere of change is dominant, but despite this new beginning one looks back fondly upon the grand tradition: Goethe, Schiller, Hegel and Fichte left their mark on intellectual life, Abbe, Zeiss and Schott laid the foundations for economic prosperity.
Elector John Frederick of Saxony first thought of a plan to establish a university at Jena upon Saale in 1547 while he was being held captive by emperor Charles V. The plan was put into motion by his three sons and, after having obtained a charter from the Emperor Ferdinand I, the university was established on 2 February 1558. The university, jointly maintained by the Saxon Duchies who derived from partitioning of John Frederick's duchy, was thus named Ducal Pan-Saxon University (German: Herzoglich Sächsische Gesammt-Universität) or Salana (after the river Saale).
Prior to the 20th century, University enrollment peaked in the 18th century. The university's reputation peaked under the auspices of Duke Charles Augustus, Goethe's patron (1787–1806), when Gottlieb Fichte, G. W. F. Hegel, Friedrich Schelling, Friedrich von Schlegel and Friedrich Schiller were on its teaching staff.
Friedrich Schiller.
Founded as a home for the new religious opinions of the sixteenth century, it has since been one of the most politically radical universities in Germany. Jena was noted among other German universities at the time for allowing students to duel and to have a passion for Freiheit, which were popularly regarded as the necessary characteristics of German student life. The University of Jena has preserved a historical detention room or Karzer with famous caricatures by Swiss painter Martin Disteli.
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